(July 4, 2014) http://www.usasciencefestival.org/schoolprograms/2014-role-models-in-science-engineering/1162-bernardo-alberto.html#sthash.RgOj4IzR.dpuf, University of Virginia Health Sciences Library. Unfortunately, the resulting soup of B cells and immunoglobulin is unsuited to targeted research. By combining these cells with immortal myeloma cells, Milstein and postdoc Georges Khler produced large amounts of long-lived, identical (monoclonal) antibodies. Try this: Experiment by building paper airplanes to see which design performs best in flight. Bernardo Houssay -- Biographical." Owners havent been able to acquire new parts since President Kennedy issued a trade embargo in 1962, so they have devised hacks to keep the cars running. She was the first Hispanic president of the American Public Health Association as well as a founding member of the Committee to End Sterilization Abuse, an organization that fought against the practice of forced sterilization. When Major Lazer played a show in Havana in 2016, half a million people showed up. Haas, L. F. "Carlos Juan Finlay y Barres (1833-1915)." Since then, researchers have applied his technique to other antibody hybrids and produced a versatile array of assays and diagnostics, including tools used in pregnancy tests, biomarkers, cancer treatments, highly specific vaccines, and blood and tissue typing [sources: Encyclopaedia Britannica; Chang; Telegraph UK]. Known for: Dr. Tsukamoto is on the cutting edge of one of the most exciting new technologiesstem cells. Andrs Arturo Garca Menndez, professionally known as Andy Garcia, is a Cuban American actor. "Jacinto Convit." It has been updated for 2021. (July 3, 2014) http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1988/, Nobel Prize. 25. In the 1910s and 1920s, she traveled thousands of miles around Mexico, South America, and Alaska, collecting some 145,000 plant specimens in just 13 years. At the time, researchers were struggling to create targeted pure antibodies that worked against known agents. They may not have to wait long: Raul has promised to cede power in 2018, and a likely successor is Vice President Miguel Diaz-Canel, a frequent Facebook user. After the war, he worked on the first proton linear accelerator and was awarded the 1968 Nobel Prize in physics for his work with elementary particles [sources: Encyclopaedia Britannica; PBS; Sullivan; Wohl]. The most famous symbol of Cubas embargo-innovation balancing act are the vintage American cars. In 2015, Cuba opened up dozens of wifi zones across Havana. Philip S. Hench Walter Reed Yellow Fever Collection. But after President Obama lowered sanctions in 2009, restored diplomatic ties in 2014, and removed Cuba from the State Sponsors of Terrorism list in 2015a digital revolution has dawned. (July 4, 2014) http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1947/houssay-bio.html, Leloir, Luis. He spent much of his career working for NASAs Jet Propulsion Laboratory, and his innovations in aerospace technology are legendary. Vol. Convit also developed a vaccination against leishmaniasis, a protozoal skin disease linked to poverty and malnutrition. 2014. Ask kids to name famous inventors, and you might get Thomas Edison or Henry Ford. The following year, he and Felix Bloch pioneered measuring a neutron's magnetic moment, that is, its tendency to align with an applied magnetic field (an important clue that the neutrally charged particle is made of electrically charged fundamental particles). Since the Cuban government opened 35 wifi hotspots in parks and plazas across the island in July 2015, theyve become ubiquitous. Perhaps the most well-known Cuban innovation is the vaccine CimaVax. 83, no. (July 7, 2014) http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/fever/peopleevents/p_finlay.html, PBS. In 1925, Alfonso Caso y Andrade added an M.A. onenote change background color; rolfe reflective model 2001 reference; tommy welch chicago fire actor; meath ireland pronunciation; texas railroad commission well search by operator (July 7, 2014) http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs100/en/, Yandell, Kate. Read more about Cuban inventions in How communism turned Cuba into an island of hackers and DIY engineers. Known for: Every time you plug your phone in to charge or attach a component to your laptop, you can thank Ajay Bhatt for inventing USB technology. Chang-Daz was born in San Jos, Costa Rica, and earned his doctorate in Applied Plasma Physics from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). He used and improved on the technology of the time to make the first commercial steamboats. This bicycle has a soda bottle for a fuel tank. Biographies of famous latin or hispanic inventors from the latin world: Narciso Monturiol, Ellen Ochoa, Baruj Benacerraf, Carlos Finlay, Bernardo Houssay, Luis Federico Leloir, Milstein, Severo Ochoa de Albornoz, Santiago Ram Cajal and Miguel Servet. Speaking of the immune system, when using antibodies to combat viruses or bacteria, the human immune system favors an everything-but-the-kitchen-sink approach. Born in Camaguey, Cuba, in 1948, Adalberto Alvarez was a famous Cuban pianist, musical director, and composer. A small laptop mounted in a 1955 Ford Mercury. Wouldnt it have been nice if they all could have been available for testing, and we could have allowed scientific and medical reasons to drive why one or the other came to the market in a particular place, rather than political embargoes?. The rikimbili, prohibited, but widely used in Cuba, is made of a bicycle with a motor attached. Ada Lovelace (1815-1852) Ada Lovelace decided to add her own notes while she was translating the notes of Charles Babbage, a mathematics professor. In fact, Lee said, Roswell Park is preparing for another clinical trial of Nimotuzumab in combination with an FDA-approved treatment to see how effective it will be against lung cancer. Since 2006, Cuba has had a drug for foot ulcers called Heberprot-P that prevents the need for amputations. When uncontrolled diabetes causes nerve and blood vessel damage in a persons foot, it can lead to one of the most debilitating complications of the disease: the development of foot ulcers -- deep, red sores that can penetrate to the bone. "Seeking Signs of Compatibility." A taxi driver runs through his route in Havana playing a music video on a small screen hooked up to his dash. May 2005. Which travel companies promote harmful wildlife activities? Sep. 2, 1988. After earning his medical degree from the University of Buenos Aires, he worked at the Institute of Physiology with Bernardo Houssay. By isolating a new class of substances called sugar nucleotides, Leloir found the key to deciphering this voluminous backlog of unsolved metabolic reactions. Students who studied technology, like 34-year-old Yusnier Fernndez, find ways to put their skills to use. We like to view ourselves as special snowflakes, as one-of-a-kind as our fingerprints. Photo by Ernesto Oroza. The White House is continuing to lift trade restrictions between the U.S. and Cuba. The term "hispanic" was created and adopted by the United States government in the early 1970s during the Nixon administration. Long COVID patients turn to unproven treatments, Why evenings can be harder on people with dementia, This disease often goes under-diagnosedunless youre white, This sacred site could be Georgias first national park, See glow-in-the-dark mushrooms in Brazils other rainforest, 9 things to know about Holi, Indias most colorful festival, Anyone can discover a fossil on this beach. All you need to make it is a light rum, Coca-Cola, and a little bit of lime for garnish. Ted Cruz is the first Hispanic-American to serve as U.S. To wit: Mark Cuban. Molina is credited with discovering the chemical impact of CFCs on the environment. Ochoa researched information processing at Sandia National Laboratories and NASA Ames Research Center and listed as co-inventor on three patents in optics, object recognition and image processing. Find out how to build your own Da Vinci-style ornithopter with household items. Invented by scientists at the Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology in Havana, the treatment, which its creators describe as an epidermal growth factor, is injected near the affected area and can accelerate the skin's healing process, closing a wound safely over the course of about three months. 12, no. "Alfonso Caso y Andrade." Before Google doodles, we honored important forgotten figures with postage stamps. Over time, he worked to develop the daguerreotype, the precursor of modern photography. Unauthorized use is prohibited. Today, the world recognizes Cuban doctor and scientist Carlos Juan Finlay as a pioneer in the study of yellow fever. House fans built from telephone components and an LP vinyl disc as blades.. Cuba may not have had the technology, but its had the drive for innovation. He also developed Morse Code: a system of dots and dashes used to send these messages. While much of Maldacenas work is tough reading for non-physicists, he has also written several explanations of his work on quantum theory for general audiences, including a popular 2007 Scientific American article tantalizingly entitled The Illusion of Gravity.. Racotumomab targets a molecule that scientists believe is found on all cancer cells, which means the drug could one day be effective against blood cancers as well as the solid tumors that accompany diseases like lung, breast, prostate and colon cancer. "Ellen Ochoa (Ph. Born in Buenos Aires, Argentina, Houssay performed research in circulation, respiration, immunity, the nervous system, digestion and the treatment of insect and snake bites. Ellen Ochoa was born in Los Angeles, Calif., and earned her master's degree and doctorate in electrical engineering from Stanford University. With fans that include Eric Clapton, Derek Trucks, Steve Gadd, Taj Mahal and Quincy Jones, Martinez is the world's first-call rumbero, and a consummate master of Afro-Cuban folkloric music and. 2023 Minute Media - All Rights Reserved. 6: Luis Alvarez (1911-1988) Father-and-son research team Luis and Walter Alvarez peer through a star dome, which shows the orbit and location, relative to Earth, of stars and constellations. 2012. (July 7, 2014) http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/iub.1031/pdf, PBS. It can be used as both a treatment for lung cancer patients and a preventive measure for people at high risk of the disease. Standing a maximum of 60 to 70 centimeters tall, about 2 feet, the 11 cows bred by Hernandez can be kept in a small area, feed on simple grasses and weeds, and can provide enough milk for the average Cuban family. History and Culture. Monoclonal antibodies in the medicine attach to epidermal growth factor receptors on the surface of the cancer cell, thus preventing it from dividing and spreading the cancer. A pacifist, he refused a series of defense industry positions during the Cold War arms race, instead conducting research and teaching physics at the University of the Redlands, Baghdad University, MIT, and Harvey Mudd College. Try this: Sprout sweet potatoes in water to learn how plants grow. At home, he's building a Roomba vacuum from scratch. Try this: Looking for a cool science fair idea? famous cuban inventions. Sep. 6, 2010. His methods were so successful they led to an abundance of peanuts, soybeans, and sweet potatoes, and he spent much of his life coming up with new uses for them. In 1984, Altarz created a band called "Adalberto Alvarez y su Son.". In 1938, Alvarez identified orbital-electron capture, radioactive decay in which a nucleus absorbs an orbital electron. Dr. David Armstrong, director of the Southern Arizona Limb Salvage Alliance and a professor of surgery at University of Arizona, says hes excited about the treatment, though he emphasized that Heberprot-P would still have to go through trials in the States to demonstrate its effectiveness. Multiple studies of different populations of people who have had their lower limbs amputated show that the procedure is linked to an increased risk of early death, suggesting either that surgery is a trauma many people don't survive, or that people who submit to this kind of amputation are some of the most vulnerable and at-risk patients in care. "Renowned Venezuelan Expert on Leprosy Jacinto Convit Dies." It is transmitted by sand fly bites [source: BBC; Encyclopaedia Britannica; Chinea]. VSSP, originally designed as a compound to help boost the immune response to vaccines, also appears to enhance the anti-cancer immune response. Though he created the device, which allows scientist to examine living cells, in 1948, its still considered a crucial scientific tool to this day. Thank you. Standardized metal meal trays repurposed as television antennas are visible on rooftops across Cuba. Before she spent her days overseeing Americas science and scientific education programs, Crdova conducted important research on X-ray and gamma ray sources, accretion discs, and black holes, publishing more than 150 scientific papers. Perhaps the most well-known Cuban innovation is the vaccine CimaVax. Learn more: Thomas Edison National Historical Park. 1998. Part of HuffPost Wellness. Two years ago, the groups of people crowding Havanas parks and sidewalks with cell phones pressed to their faces didnt exist. Nowhere is the old adage about necessity breeding innovation more true than in Cuba. Known for: At a time when most Black men in the United States were slaves, Jennings was born free in New York City. C CID-201 CimaVax-EGF M Mojito N Nimotuzumab R Rum and Coke June 18, 2014. Vol. Some of these are household names, while others deserve more recognition for inventions that have become essential to daily life. Subscribe to Heres the Deal, our politics Dr. Eric Bouffet, director of the brain tumor program at Toronto's Hospital For Sick Children, is the only investigator to date who has completed a Nimotuzumab trial in North America. Maldacenas research on the duality of conjecture was so groundbreaking, the participants of a 1998 string theory conference wrote a song to honor him called The Maldacena (sung and danced to the tune of The Macarena. It was the 1990s, after all). These skeletons may have the answer, Scientists are making advancements in birth controlfor men, Blood cleaning? In 2012, she was named JSC director -- the first Hispanic person and second woman to do so [sources: NASA; NASA]. List of Cuban Americans - Wikipedia List of Cuban Americans Lists of Americans By US state By ethnicity or nationality Afghan African Americans African-American Jews Albanian Algerian Amish Angolan Antiguan and Barbudan Arab Argentine Armenian Asian Assyrian Australian Austrian Azerbaijani Bahamian Baloch Bangladeshi Barbadian Belarusian Belgian In 1993, astronaut Ellen Ochoa became the first Hispanic woman to go to space. Andy Ruiz, one of the only people producing 360 degree videos in Cuba, gets the technology brought in from connections in America. Compared to other countries, America has filed the most patents in the life sciences, is conducting most of the world's clinical trials and has published the most biomedical research. 1968. He invented a way to process and store blood plasma, eventually managing two of the largest blood banks during World War II. All rights reserved. Ernesto Lecuona, often regarded as the greatest Cuban composer Esteban Salas y Castro, 18th century Cuban baroque composer Gonzalo Roig, often regarded as one of the greatest composers of Cuba, "Quiere me mucho"/ Cecilia Valdez Ignacio Cervantes, Chopinesque piano composer Jos White Lafitte, violinist and composer March 26, 2002. (July 4, 2014) http://www.dailycal.org/2014/06/17/frank-asaro-uc-berkeley-nuclear-chemist-dies-age-86/, Milstein, Csar. Known for: When he wasnt writing the Declaration of Independence or being president, Jefferson loved to tinker. On the Dec. 12 episode of Sundial we are remembering the father of the ventanitas, Felipe Valls Sr. the inventor of the Miami coffee window and founder of arguably the most famous Cuban . Try this: Explore the history of the internet and find out what early web pages looked like. Why wetlands are so critical for life on Earth, Rest in compost? Photos by Ernesto Oroza. "Luis Leloir -- Biographical." Many of his other inventions were focused on helping the deaf, sparked by his desire to help his wife Mabel, who lost her hearing at the age of five. May 12, 2014. Try this: Watch this video to learn more about stem cells and their importance to modern medicine. Try it: If you can get your hands on an old computer thats no longer needed, deconstruct it with your class to learn about the pieces and parts inside. As economic and diplomatic relations between the U.S. and Cuba continue to normalize, here's hoping that these promising Cuban medical treatments can be investigated fully in the U.S. Americans have been waiting long enough. Not according to biology or history. Countries of origin include: Argentina, Cuba, Spain, United States and Venezuela. . Surgery is the primary way to treat most head and neck tumors, but these procedures can severely affect people's ability to chew, swallow or talk. Please check your inbox to confirm. (July 7, 2014) http://www.jsc.nasa.gov/Bios/htmlbios/ochoa.html, NASA. Born in 1889 in Port-au-Prince, Haiti, Charles Terres Weymann would go on to become a leading light in coachwork technology, his designs featuring on many of the finest automobiles of his era. Milstein was born to poor immigrant parents in Baha Blanca, Argentina, and attended the universities of Buenos Aires and Cambridge, where he earned his Ph.D. A quick glance at Luis Alvarez's array of research and engineering projects reveals why colleagues described him as the "prize wild idea man." Like a subscription service, thousands of couriers deliver a terabyte of videos, movies, music, and games via thumb drive to half the islands population each week. (July 4, 2014) http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/18131/Luis-W-Alvarez, Frierson, J. Gordon. Learn more: Marie Van Brittan Brown, Black Past. Physicists had already constructed cloud chambers and bubble chambers, which spotted speeding, charged particles via condensing vapor or boiling liquid. November 2007. She invented the Laserphaco Pro probe, which revolutionized cataract surgery. (July 3, 2014) http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/chemistry/laureates/1995/molina-bio.html, Molina, Mario J. This was especially true in the case of the chemically inert chains of chlorine and fluorine atoms strapped to a carbon backbone known as chlorofluorocarbons, or CFCs. From illegally installing rooftop radio antennas to record American music to hotwiring antique cars, Cubans are ingenious at figuring out workarounds to barriers that would otherwise keep them decades behind their neighbors. Learn more: Thomas Jennings, Smithsonian Magazine. Photo by Rafael Perez/Reuters. (July 4, 2014) http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/60347/Baruj-Benacerraf, Encyclopedia Britannica. 2. Known for: If you love a good Netflix binge, thank Philo Farnsworth. Jan. 1, 2013. According to the Smithsonian, Victor Ochoa had a reward of $50,000 offered for his delivery dead or alive to Porfirio Diaz, President of Mexico. (July 4, 2014) http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/aso/databank/entries/boalva.html, Smithsonian Institution. This story originally ran in 2016. Nobel Prize-winning biochemist Csar Milstein opened new doors in the diagnosis and treatment of disease with his 1975 study on monoclonal antibodies. Try this: For a cool science fair project, learn to make a model of a steam power generator. Ochoa, who was honored with NASAs Distinguished Service Medal, served as the director of the Johnson Space Center in Houston, Texas, from 2013 to 2018. Scientists just confirmed a 30-foot void first detected inside the monument years ago. Born in Puerto Prncipe, Cuba, Finlay studied abroad before returning to Havana as a general practitioner and ophthalmologist with a penchant for scientific research. For any other drug that wasnt made in Cuba, Colevas said, that ratio would probably be reversed. Travis Daub is Director of Digital at PBS NewsHour. A portable bluetooth speaker for sale is tested out on the streets of Central Havana. A sample: He built U.S. President Eisenhower an indoor golf-training machine, analyzed the Zapruder film and tried to locate an Egyptian pyramid's treasure chamber using cosmic rays [sources: Encyclopaedia Britannica; PBS; Sullivan; Wohl]. LEFT: Cuban inventor Yolando Perez Baez demonstrates his engine-starting device which can work in the place of a starter motor-a component that frequently fails. The man credited with one of the most important Mesoamerican discoveries in history started out lecturing on legal philosophy. (July 4, 2010) http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1980/speedread.html, Parodi, Armando. He studied in Mexico and abroad, and made his groundbreaking discovery concerning CFCs during his postdoctoral stint with Rowland at University of California, Irvine. An enduring early sex symbol, the Spanish-American actress, singer, and dancer starred in more than 60 films over nearly four decades. For decades, Cuba has been closed off to technology. "Johnson Space Center Director Dr. Ellen Ochoa." Many Cubans can't get parts to fix the old American and Russian cars, but adding electronic entertainment is becoming popular. "Baruj Benacerraf." Ascertaining the genetic basis of this major histocompatibility complex, or MHC, earned Baruj Benacerraf the 1980 Nobel Prize in physiology or medicine and advanced our understanding of immune response and autoimmune diseases (such as multiple sclerosis) by leaps and bounds. Can we bring a species back from the brink?, Video Story, Copyright 1996-2015 National Geographic Society, Copyright 2015-2023 National Geographic Partners, LLC. She first served on a nine-day mission aboard the space shuttle Discovery, where she and a team of astronauts studied Earths ozone layer, then returned to space three more times, spending nearly 1000 hours in orbit. Learn more: Samuel F. B. Morse (Brittanica). In a way, we are: The surfaces of our cells teem with a unique array of antigens that identify us and prevent our own immune systems, under normal circumstances, from attacking those cells. Read more about Cuban inventions in our Science Wednesday piece, How communism turned Cuba into an island of hackers and DIY engineers. Aug. 08 2001. Top 100 famous female inventors in history 1. By entering your email and clicking Sign Up, you're agreeing to let us send you customized marketing messages about us and our advertising partners. Mario J. Molina was the first Mexican scientist who went on to win the Nobel Prize in the field of chemistry. It's known for being inexpensive and simple to make. Born in 1870 in Washington D.C. to a Mexican diplomat father, Mexia spent many years as a social worker before enrolling as an undergraduate at the University of California Berkeley and discovering her passion for botany. Photograph by Greg Kahn, National Geographic, Photographs by Greg Kahn, National Geographic. March 2014. Known for: Kids may not give a lot of thought to cataracts, but they should still know about Dr. Bath. Astrophysicist France A. Crdovawas the director of the National Science Foundation, a federal agency that develops programs to advance all fields of scientific discovery, from 2014 to 2020. Born in Buenos Aires, Argentina, Miguel Angel Ondetti has been granted more than 100 patents, including U.S. Patent 4,105,776 for "Proline Derivatives and Related Compounds" also known as angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors to treat hypertension. Ruiz pays contacts in the U.S. to buy and bring the necessary technology to Havana. When Csar Milstein produced the first monoclonal antibodies in 1975, he not only solved this problem, he became one of the fathers of modern medicine. She was nominated for the position by President Barack Obama. Known for: Edison and Teslas rivalry is well-known. Access to culture was a principal pillar of the communist system Fidel Castro installed in Cuba. The White House is continuing to lift trade restrictions between the U.S. and Cuba. Please copy/paste the following text to properly cite this HowStuffWorks.com article: Severo Ochoa, who was born and educated in Spain, is the most famous Hispanic scientist. Long walled off from world trade and modern technology, Cuba has developed a robust culture of DIY engineers who turn household items into useful inventions. Clockwise from left, in the photos above, the motors have been repurposed as coconut shredder, a key duplicator, a grinding wheel, and a shoe repair tool. In 1985, the British Antarctica survey detected a hole in the ozone layer over Antarctica, and the rest is history [sources: Nobel Prize; Nobel Prize]. "Bernardo Alberto Houssay." "Yellow Fever." Heres the technology that helped scientists find itand what it may have been used for. Jenny Marder is a senior science writer for NASA and a freelance journalist. Cuba's masters of invention Cuban Raul Hernandez speaks to reporters about what he considers the smallest cows in the world. Still, the country is an unlikely global leader in public health and scientific investment. Known for: This Founding Father was an innovator in more ways than one, and he was among historys most famous inventors. His finding further enabled him to define five major phases of the ancient capital's history, beginning in the 8th century B.C.E., that lined up with the history of other sites. 65, no. Jill Staake is a Contributing Editor with WeAreTeachers.

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