In urban areas, both castes have the privilege to serve government, political and financial industries. Kathmandu: Ministry of Population and Environment, HMG, Nepal. He created the Gayatri Mantra. In 1854, early in the period of Rana rule, a National Legal Code (Muluki Ain) was proclaimed that laid out detailed codes for inter-caste behavior and specified punishments for their infringement.[11]. Kshetris has second highest civil service representation with 19.59% of Nepal's bureaucracy after Bahuns while having 16% of Nepal's total population. Originally a natural religion, this caste has always been very proud of being a Thakuri. This stands true especially in this modern era where the distinction between them is getting blurred. They donot practice maternal cousin marriages as Thakuri caste which is the basis of cultural distinction. The process of overthrowing the rule of Ministers of Rana and subsequent political activities aimed at democratic or socialist reform was also carried out by members of the Brahman and Chhetrich castes. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. They are descended from old warriors of Khas Kingdom. The groom should be several years older than the bride. They have become major decision makers in the bureaucracy of Nepal has become crystal clear. Their simple, primitively decorated houses are an expression of the lack of artistic inspiration, although it is common knowledge that Brahmins like to dance and they know how. Order in Paradox: Myth, Ritual and Exchange among Nepal's Tamang, 1989. Am Gai. For military and ruling class in Hinduism, see. Khas/Kshetri or Khas/Chhetri (Nepali: ) are Turanid Ab-Original Native From of people belonging to Turkic-Mongol Mixed caste in Khas group, a Altaic ethno-linguistic group (see Altaic languages). Narayanhiti Palace Museum. Christianity is looked at as the "foreigners" religion. So, to make this matter convenient, here we have come up with the lists of castes and their respective sub-castes which will make you crystal clear about the castes-related facts. Gandhi arrived in Durban, Natal (now kwaZulu-Natal) Blue is the color of all-inclusiveness. Adhikari, Aidi, Ayer, Bagale, Bogati, Baruwal, Bohara, Balair, Bakheti, Batala, Balayer, Baniya, G.C. Nepal is said to be a harmonious garden of 4 castes and 36 ethnicities. Moreover, there are concerns about Sagotri marriage practice not just culturally/ morally but from a scientific point of view as well. It is she who takes care of children, home, preparing meals, as well as the mowing in the backyard garden and plant care. After the rise Rana dynasty(Kunwars), the number changed to 10 Basnyats, 1 Pandes, 3 Thapas and 26 Kunwar officers totaling to 61 Chhetri officers in the year 1854 A.D.[19], Chhetris dominated the position of the senior officers of the Nepali Army comprising 74.4% of total senior officers in 1967. ", "History of Dalit movements in Nepal: Much has been achieved, but discrimination still exists". It is a common belief that from Rishis who were the children of Brahma, eight gotras emerged. Caste, State, and Ethnic Boundaries in Nepal. Karmacharyas and Joshis were all-together stripped off their Brahmin status by these new and arguably more well-read Brahmins, and assimilated them in the Kshatriya/Chathariya. From now on as long as her husband is alive a married woman wears vermilion powder on her brocaded brocade. This group presents a complicated social structure that not only reflects the model of four Hindu varna categories and the unclean castes outside of it, but it is also clearly divided among the upper and lower Buddhist castes. It was rooted in traditional Hindu Law and codified social practices for several centuries in Nepal. Joshua Project occasionally adjusts profile text from third party sources. Few Kshetri clans give male buffalo sacrifices on Maha Ashtami day. They generally worship their clan deity (Kul Devta), friendly deity (Ishta Devta) and Khas Masto deities. Though the Newah are scattered throughout Nepal, they are primarily concentrated in the Katmandu Valley and in surrounding countries. While this may sound offensive, it doesnt have to be. Although they three have same surname, all of them are different. The Nepalese Chhetri are the major ethnic group in Nepal. Katriya > Tharu Deula > Newar-Dalit > Pode 433. Identification. Brahmin/Bahun: Adhikari. Sunil's father KB Chhetri officer retired from the EME Corps of the Indian Army. They are considered the largest caste group in 21 districts of Nepal as per the 2001 Nepal census and 24 districts as per the 2011 Nepal census. They also had a strong presence in civil administration affairs. The Nepalese Chhetri are the major ethnic group in Nepal. The costumes of the community become costumes of folk dancers and folk dance has been practiced in our . Kshetris are noted for resourcefulness and charity. Men shave their heads for mourning. 26 million with absent population of 1.9 million and growth rate of 1.35% per annum. Transliteration: Shauryam Tejo Dhritirdakshyam Yuddhe Chapyapalayanam. [1] Chhetris speak an Indo-Aryan Nepali language (Khas-Kura) as mother tongue. According to the 2011 census, 81.3% of the Nepalese population is Hindu, 9.0% are Buddhist, 4.4% are Muslim, 3.0% are Kiratist (indigenous ethnic religion), 1.4% are Christian, 0.1% are Sikhs, 0.1% are Jains and 0.7% follow other . It is of due importance in the Hindu culture, especially concerning marriage- the system forbids people from the same Gotra from getting married. Now Before we go, we have to acknowledge that we are all the same. The surnames with this gotra are Lamsal, Dahal, Kunwar, Rupakheti, Rana, Bhatta, Kharaal. At the end of the eighteenth century, Nepal was united by kings who were the ancestors of Thakuri the aristocratic wing of the Chhetri caste. While the caste system and legal code were publicly outlawed by the 1990 constitution, caste continues to play a prominent role in many Nepalis' private lives. [1], The Government of Nepal legally abolished the caste-system and criminalized any caste-based discrimination, including "untouchability" (the ostracism of a specific caste) - in 1963. The fear of Inter-Caste Marriage in Nepal 5 reasons why it makes sense and 5 reasons why it does not! Historically, surnames evolved as a way to sort people into groups - by occupation, place of origin, clan affiliation, patronage, parentage, adoption, and even physical characteristics (like red hair). Holmberg, David. p. 6. Hindu people who have Kaundinya gotra have the surnames- Trital, Thapa, Satyal, Parajuli, Paneru, Pathak, Marashini, Khadka, Gaagle, Bhandari, Baskota, Acharya, Neupane, Paneru, Pakurel, Sapkota, Kharel. [28][29], Chhetris are largest caste group in 21 districts of Nepal as per 2001 Nepal census and 24 districts as per 2011 Nepal census. In Nepal, high castes dominate 91.2% among the prominent position in politics and bureaucracy. After the Rana regime, caste rules relating to food, drink and intercaste marriage were openly louted but the Muluki Ain had not been abrogated. Kathmandu consists largest Kshetri population.[7]. Brahmins and Chhetri are often landowners. [7] The existing caste structure as introduced by the Lichhavis was later fundamentally restructured during the reign of King Jayasthiti Malla (1380-1394). Thus, while it may be true that today's Chhetri of Nepal branched off from the Khas, what has happened is that the descendants of the original Khas remained distinct, remote and deprived like other janajati groups of the country. The term gotra refers to a lineage or clan, and Brahmins are traditionally divided into a number of gotras, each of which is associated with a particular Hindu ancestor. Among them, the district with the largest Chhetri population is Kathmandu district with 347,754 (i.e. To find your choice, press Control+F and type the surname to see which caste/community/ethnic group and sub-caste/clan it falls under. [13] Caste prejudice is far less prevalent in cities nowadays, although nothing has changed in rural regions. The mother tongue of these groups is Kumaoni, Nepali and its dialects like Baitadeli and Doteli. The present Thakuri and Raute Thakuri are a single caste. - Few evangelicals, but many who identify as Christians. With the exception of what is passed on to daughters in the dowry, all property, especially landed property, is taken over by sons. If you want to get more content related to this tell us in the comment section below. . - Few evangelicals, but significant number who identify as Christians. What Is your Surname? Nepal's culture is greatly influenced by its music, architecture, religion and literature.Your first sight of Nepal may leave you speechless, the great quantities of temples, churches, monasteries and other religious buildings, the hurly-burly in the streets and the number of people and animals socializing on every corner of the narrow cobble-stone lanes. Box 107 Kathmandu, Nepal Tel : + (977-1) 5523200 Fax : + (977-1) 5523991, 5523986 Website : www . _"There are 125 caste/ethnic groups reported in the census 2011. Gharti Chhetri Name Meaning. Social composition of the Population: Caste/Ethnicity and Religion in Nepal", "Brahmins and Chhetris land most government jobs", "Khas Arya quota provision in civil services opposed", "Nepal-India Relations: Need for Urgent Paradigm Shift - Mainstream Weekly", "Next Door Nepal: The nationalist's hour", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chhetri&oldid=1121072498, Short description is different from Wikidata, Wikipedia indefinitely semi-protected pages, "Related ethnic groups" needing confirmation, Articles using infobox ethnic group with image parameters, Articles containing Nepali (macrolanguage)-language text, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 10 November 2022, at 10:16. The legacy of parents passes only to the son. Most of the Nepalese are farmers. Brahmarshi Atri was one of the Sapta Rishis- the luminous sages in Hindu culture). " , ": Sewn with hundreds of flowers into one garland called Nepali. They have been working in different fields. Recent research has also shown that when it comes to Nepali people's impressions of social change, "Poverty, Human Resources and Region" explain more of the variation than "Ethnicity, Caste or Religious belonging" i.e. Agirl during the first menstruation is transferred to another house, where she is hidden by the eyes of men from her family and from sunlight. In simple terms, Gotra means the clan a person belongs to in Hindu society. The social structure of caste-origin Hill Hindu or Khas groups is simple compared to the other two societies, reflecting only three groups in hierarchy, with the distinct absence of the Vaishya and Shudra varnas. Gangalal Shrestha (1919-1941), Freedom Fighter, Martyr. The caste system is still intact today but the rules are not as rigid as they were in the past. [23] In terms of education, 88.0% of Khas Brahmins & Chhetris, and Newars have access to school, 12.0% have never been to school. He had not sufficient money to pursue his goals. Ask God to bless worship and intercession by Christians from other countries who come to prayer-walk in Nepal. Surname > Caste/Community/Ethnicity > Clan/Sub-caste/Gotra 1. Chhetri is the largest caste/ethnic groups having 16.6% (4,398,053) of the total population followed by Brahman-Hill (12.2%; 3,226,903), Magar (7.1% ; 1,887,733), . They often opposed each other. Roughly 260 . [2][3], Chhetri is considered a direct derivative of the Sanskrit word Kshatriya. Nepal Visa Requirements. The major castes living in Pokhara are Brahmins, Chhetris, Gurungs, Magars and Dalits, mainly following Buddhist and Hindu religions. When a boy turns 7, his hair is cut off a small strand of hair is left behind to indicate that he belongs to the Hindu culture and formally becomes a member of the caste. [6] that marginalized the monarchy, and the Chhetri presence in the armed forces, police, and Government of Nepal. Nepal opened its borders in 1951. Furthermore, many of us have little knowledge about the category of caste we fall into. They are known for their cheerfulness, good humor, resourcefulness, and self-confidence. There are a few things that are a trade secret of your castes. gelal caste in nepal gelal caste in nepal (No Ratings Yet) . Much of the previously animist/tribal Khas population of the western Nepal region acquired the 'Chhetri' status in the 1850s with the proclamation by the Rana Prime Minister Jung Bahadur Rana, making Chhetris the most populous caste/tribe of Nepal. of Nepal and a New Constitution A Resource on the Situation of Dalits in Nepal, their Demands and the Implications for a new Constitution Compiled by: United Nations Development Programme Kathmandu, September 2008 UNDP Nepal UN House, Pulchowk G.P.O. Today, some of the Newar brahmin castes like Jha, Mishra, and Bhatta are believed to be originated from Maithili. Basistha gotra came from Basistha rishi. Baptism is considered the ultimate proof of conversion, and the person performing the baptism can face up to a six-year prison term. 12,114 and Muslim ranks the lowest, Rs.11,014'[22] The democratic transitions also failed to be inclusive management and functioning governance mainly because government was unable to understand and articulate the spirit of all Nepalese people irrespective of their caste, gender, ethnicity, and religion. All Brahmini and Chhetri are Hindu and profess most basic Hindu beliefs. Amar Singh Thapa based on religious values developed Nishankalika flag after ceremoniously inviting Kalika Bhawani, ancestors, friendly deities and 49 Maruts to reside on the flag. After democracy in Nepal, Kshetris were still visible in the government especially dominating Panchayati government and still monopolizing military. Different surnames in Angiras gotra are Joshi, Shahi, Sedhai. Surnames in Mandabya gotra include Panthi, Bajgai, Gyawali, Maskey, Katuwal, Bajhai. The maternal clan marriage prohibition also include non marriage prohibition with the Bahun counterpart of that clan. However, a lot still do. Caste has been the central feature in Nepal to . During the next year, the shraddha ceremony, which must be carried out by the son of the deceased, is celebrated. 125 caste The Nepalese population is comprised by 125 caste and ethnic groups.. How many religion and caste are there in Nepal? [16] The law also comprised Pryacitta (avoidance and removal of sin) and cra (the customary law of different castes and communities). Register One of the most excellent Rishis, according to Hindu sacred texts, is Kaundinya after whom the Gotra Kaudinya received its name. (Census, 2001), In recent times, following the overthrow of the Nepali monarchy and move towards a federal republic, ethnicity and caste have taken center stage the indigenous peoples (Adivasi Janajati) who make up a third of the country having been guaranteed rights that have not yet been fulfilled. Kshetri are not allowed to eat beef, buffalo, pig, felines and all wild forms of them as per Hindu rituals for Kshatriya. Given below is a list of Gotra and Thari in Nepal: Courier/Cargo/Logistics Company in Kathmandu,Nepal, Best Ayurveda Hospitals/Clinics in Kathmandu,Nepal, Chauchau Recipes All You Need To Know About. Deepening Democracy: International Labour Organisation Convention 169 and Nepal's Democratic Transition, Nepal: Towards a Democratic Republic: Caste, Ethnicity and Inequality in Nepal, Material from this site has been borrowed for this article with the permission of Dr. Vepachedu, Interview with Ian Martin: Caste-Based Discrimination in Nepal, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Caste_system_in_Nepal&oldid=1114280098, Manandhar/Syami/Teli (oil-pressers and brewers), Pahari/Nagarkoti (farmers from outskirts), Khadgi, Naye, Kasai (butchers and musicians), Dyala, Pod, Chymaha/Chamhr (sweepers, fishermen), "Namasinya Matwali" (Non-enslavable Alcohol Drinkers), Newar - Hindu Panchthariya Srsthas and Buddhists Gubhaju/Bar (, "Masinya Matwali" (Enslavable Alcohol Drinkers), "Pani Na Chalne Chhoichhito Haalnu Naparne" (Water-unacceptable but touchable), "Pani Na Chalne Chhoichhito Haalnu Parne" (Water-unacceptable and untouchable), Nancy E. Levine. [23] These number varied after the democratization of Nepal. The surnames are Pade, Ghimire, Bogati, Budhathoki, Gartaula, Badal, Tiwari. Chhetri (Kshetri, Kshettri, Kshetry or Chhettri), (Nepali: pronounced[tsetri]; IAST: Ketr) historically called Kshettriya or Kshetriya or Khas are Nepali speakers of Khas community, some of whom trace their origin to migration from medieval India. Answer (1 of 5): No surnames are pure Brahmins since they can easily get converted to other casts if they marry other than Brahmins as per Nepali culture or we might say as per Brahmins culture. Historically, Kshetri has been part of the some of the powerful Pahari empires as Khas Empire and Gorkha Empire. The Chhetri are considered the largest ethnic community in Nepal, comprising 16.6% of the population according to the 2011 census. Rural political life has its own dynamism, independent of changes on the national political scene. How many caste are there in Nepal? 48.61% of the total population speak the language as a mother tongue. These values were seen as a potent instrument of Rana political repression. Component A: Project preparatory activities to identify the feasibility of at least four large hydropower projects and a second Nepal- India 400 kilo-volt (kV) cross border [10][11] Almost all Chhetris are Hindu. After two weeks, a great feast takes place. Now knowing where you belong is not only important for the sake of your identity but also for the sake of preserving your cultural heritage as well. Historically, they practiced Hindu polytheism and shamanism. The highest caste was always Brahmins, holding positions of priests and teachers in the Hindu community. What's the largest caste/ethnicity in Nepal? It includes the Seven sages- Saptarishis including Atri, Kashyapa, Vishwamitra, Vashista, Jamadagni, Bharadvaja, Gautama, and Agastya. Among those 73.8% in higher education belong to the BCN, 22.0% Janajatis and 2.9% Dalit.[21]. Sometimes she also decides to fight for a higher position herself. Certain outside analysts have suggested that "seeking a balance in approach requires addressing both specific indigenous historical injustices while creating a common citizenship for all marginalised citizens regardless of identity, which remains a particularly challenging issue for Nepal". Alphaltopi. Thus, the highest military rank (Chief of Army Staff previously Commander-in-Chief) is completely monopolized by Chhetri caste.they also recruit in british army in large numbers, chhetri/thakuris dominant 40% of total nepal army strength , and they have reserved regiment the 9 gorkha rifles in indian army. This is connected with a few basic concepts in the Hindu religion: the first is dharma, meaning that everyone takes their place in the caste group, has a moral code and a code of conduct binding to him. The restructuring also yielded power to newly formed Malla aristocracy of the Chathariya Shrestha who formed the new powerful aristocratic caste of the Malla kingdom. Kaushik is a popular patri-clan for the Brahmin and Kshatriya. . Nepalese girls were traditionally married before they reached the age of ten. Returning home formally is considered a woman, a member of the caste. People with Garga gotra have surnames as Lamichhane, Bhetwal, Chudal, Bhurtel, Acharya, Gajurel, Bastola, Rijal. In addition, there are many priests among the Brahmin who provide services to other families of their caste and the Chhetri caste, they also work in shrines and temples, and support large festivals. A lot of youths do not care about things such as caste. See here the total Nepali Thar haru. This is a rather good thing as the caste-specific rituals and traditions will be enjoyed by all, and be spread all over Nepal. 1 (Feb., 1987), pp. Ahntastic Adventures in Silicon Valley A young couple usually lives with the grooms family together with his parents, brothers and their wives and unmarried sisters. Similarly, girls also may add middle names like Kumari, Maya, etc. Most houses have two or more stories. of them were women, and 44% were the Brahmins and Chhetri caste. 4. These were adapted by Kshetri community which includes exhibition of bravery and skill, prohibition of escaping any war, giving charity and Hindu governance. There has been a long debate in the literature over whether the caste system is a unique social phenomenon or simply one manifestation of . people's perception of their own social situation has more to do with geography and objective social class, than with their association with the groups that the state has based its internal social policy on. [13], In the early modern history of Nepal, Chhetris played a key role in the Unification of Nepal, providing the core of the Gorkhali army of the mid-18th century. We welcome. Their domestic and religious practices are also patterned after the higher Hindu castes of India. Nwaran: Everything about Naming Ceremony in Nepal, Susssssssss!!!!! And in Nepal, caste wise there are three caste having surname Bhandari. The population of Newars (all castes) is around 5%, but its occupancy in the civil service is more than one-third (33.2%), although vast majority of this share comes from the minority upper-caste segments of the Chathariya and Panchthariya Shrestha Newars. The nobility of the Gorkha Kingdom mainly originated from Chhetri families. Many also beg and scavenge for a living. Brahman and Chhetri are high Hindu Nepalese castes. Paper presented at National Dialogue Conference on ILO Convention 169 on Indigenous and Tribal Peoples, Kathmandu, 1920 January 2005. 25 Feb 2014 - codefornepal. What caste is Shahi in Nepal? 94 Intriguing Newari Surnames and Caste Based on their Traditional Occupation, 100 Popular Nepali Brahmin Surnames Or Last Names, By Region. Then many sacrificial rituals are performed, animal sacrifices are also made, people feast and visit their close and distant relatives. The ethnic makeup of Nepal reflects the historical migratory patterns into the country from the North and South. Rajputs and Thakuris are sometimes considered as subcaste of Kshetri while they have distinct cultural difference with mainstream Kshetris. In the rural context, the traditional subsistence agriculture system and age-old caste structure have significantly changed, and a relationship based on wage labour on land is being developed.[25]. That's approximately 4.3 percent of the total Indian . It is believed that in the twelfth century, during the Islamic invasion in India, Brahmins Brahmans emigrated to the western hills of Nepal. Sources mention two hundred eighty-four Khas surnames exist as of today. Joshua Project may be able to provide more information than what is published on this site. Garga is another excellent sage in Hindu mythology. [13], The case of Newr is exceptional. Basnyat, Pande and Thapas were most powerful Chhetri groups led by Shivaram Singh Basnyat, Kalu Pande and Birbhadra Thapa at the Unification of Nepal. The girl has a low status in a new family and usually the mother-in-law commissions her most arduous work. are found . There they encountered a Khas caste, people of a Brahmin-like culture, who in the caste order never found themselves lower, which is related to their orthodox system of principles. For now lets just take a look at the castes and their sub-castes (surnames) in hopes that someday, we will all be one single flower with many variants. Kshetri is an endogamous unit. Due to this people marry in their caste and avoid same gotra. There they encountered a Khas caste, people of a Brahmin-like culture, who in the caste . Maithali language comes in the second position because it is spoken by 12.30% people of the total Nepalese. However, people have been disseminating information about the need to change this system. If the funeral ritual is not celebrated, the deceased can not go further and instead will haunt the living in the form of an evil spirit. Gurung, H. (2005). Although caste or tribe based hierarchy has been a hallmark for all ethnicities of Nepal, only three societies traditionally were part of the four Varna concept of social division and hierarchy. Please. It identifies people from a particular group, and it is a broader term which represents themfor example- Shrestha, Basnet, Luitel, Soni and so on. Forty-nine sub gotras originated from the eight main gotras. There are about 70 castes, Buddhist as well as Hindu, covering approximately the same spectrum as the caste system of India. In 1963, a law (New Muluki Ain-1963) was passed making it illegal to discriminate against other castes led all castes to be equally treated by the law. "Nepal: Deadly caste-based attacks spur outcry over social discrimination | DW | 16.06.2020", "Birenda, 55, Ruler of Nepal's Hindu Kingdom". Many people are confused in the two caste "Baniya" and "Bania".Actually, "Baniya" are Chhetri from "Khas" group whereas "Bania" are people of Terai of"Baisha" group. [11] Hence, the present Newar society's foundation firmly stands on this restructuring by Malla as Newar society continues to comprise the 4 varna and 64 different caste groups which were hierarchically allotted in Jayasthiti Malla's time according to the classical and religious Hindu scriptures like the Manusmriti. Mandabya was a great sage as per Hindu texts. Pray that God will encourage and strengthen the Nepalese who have converted to Christianity. The mothers communities continue to suffer from caste-based were included in the study if . A family dying man takes to the river, all rivers are considered sacred. While Kshetri . They live in small rural settlements that are situated near rivers or springs. 24,399, Adivasi Janajatis ranks third with an average income of Rs. [8] Kshetri dominate the military forces with nearly all high ranked officers belonging to either Kshetri or Thakuri caste. Kshetri are almost all Hindus as per 2011 Nepal census. The Nepalese caste system broadly borrows the classical Hindu Chaturvarnashram model, consisting of four broad social classes or varna: Brahmin, Kshatriya, Vaishya, Sudra. Gotra means subdivisions of the castes represent more close relations of family. The bottom portions of the houses are painted with red clay, and the top halves are whitewashed. Also Gandharva and Rakshas marriages are not allowed. Chhetri (Kshetri, Kshettri, Kshetry or Chhettri), (Nepali: pronounced ; IAST: Ketr) historically called Kshettriya or Kshetriya or Khas are Nepali speakers of Khas community, some of whom trace their origin to migration from medieval India. We even met the owners of a butcher shop which is the domain of the lower caste declare belonging to a brahmana caste. [5], The ancient tribes living around the northern territory of modern Nepal seem to have been less influenced by the fourfold Varna system of Hinduism. A small proportion of Muslims also live in the city. Mourning after the death of a loved one persists for thirteen days after death, which includes the exclusion of some ingredients from the diet, for example salt. Karanjit > Newar > Bha Many surnames also immediately tell those in Chhetri dominated the military forces of Shah dynasty of Nepal. In the Dewali Puja, Kshetris of the same clan give male goat sacrifices at a particular place. Baniya : A Chhetri Community of Nepal. Here is the most comprehensive list of Nepali surnames and titles of various ethnic groups of Nepal. [6] The bulk of prime ministers of Nepal before the democratization of Nepal belonged to this caste as a result of the old Gorkhali aristocracy.

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